Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 10-10. The same site in figure 10-9 after sixteen months: no significant erosion, wattles in good
condition. Sprinkler irrigation was on an as-needed basis for the first twelve months. Naval Base Point
Loma, San Diego, California. (Photo by Mary F. Platter-Rieger.)
Plantings in areas where weather conditions are extreme or unpredictable may be best pro-
tected by using individual devices. Tree shelters of various types (figs. 10-11 and 10-12) provide
protection from wind, herbivory, and water loss. Using individual plant protection devices can be
costly and should be evaluated on the likelihood that unprotected plants can survive at some ac-
ceptable percentage. Planting more plants and accepting a high mortality rate on the assumption
that a specific number will survive despite the elements on-site may be less costly than protecting
fewer plants and having a higher survivorship. There are times when no other option is available,
however, and establishing a protection device or system is mandatory. Some projects may lend
themselves to protecting large groupings of plantings rather than focusing on individual plants.
Livestock can be controlled fairly effectively with simple fencing or other barriers (fig. 10-13).
Installation of Erosion Control Measures
Erosion control and stormwater retention are important considerations for many restoration proj-
ects, particularly for projects located near streams. Many local and regional governmental agen-
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