Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
ontology with new concepts and in the sense of adding new ontologies in
the domain.
In this work, is practical part mainly done using the Protégé v.4.1.0
software
as
an
ontology-developing
environment
tool
(http://protege.stanford.edu).
2- Ontology
New ISO/TC 211 work item proposals in the series of geographic informa-
tion standards on ontology (ISO 2010a and 2010b) are defining ontology
as basic platform for description of geographic information in terms of fea-
ture based application schema. It is defining ontology as formal representa-
tion of phenomena of a universe of discourse with an underlying vocabu-
lary including definitions and axioms that make the intended meaning
explicit and describe phenomena and their interrelationships. Ontology is
giving possibility to connect different views of the real or hypothetical
world that includes everything of interest; e.g. universe of discourse. Be-
cause idealization of real world in to universe of discourse, in the informa-
tion-communication technology (ICT) more ontologies about the same part
of reality can be developed. To make possible implementation of new con-
cepts and new ontologies, ontological models are developed scalable to al-
low easy integration of new knowledge bases. Ontologies are allowing
integration of heterogeneous data of different communities by relating
them considering their semantic similarity.
Ontology is approach based on knowledge bases, and semantic web is
transforming knowledge in machine recognizable system. Because of that
ontology is dealing with more fundamental object and relations than geo-
saptial semantic. That is the reason why new knowledge basis (ontologies)
could be integrated in the domain.
The ISO geographic information standards and INSPIRE are using object
oriented UML conceptual schema language to describe conceptual model.
UML models implicitly contain ontologies.
