TBM Tunneling - Rock Mechanics Based on an Anisotropic Jointed Rock Model - page 703

The resulting rock mass permeability coefficients k xy and k yz are specified in Fig. 21.41.
Accordingly, the zones with increased permeability at the roof and the invert of the
tunnel reach up to about 4 m into the rock mass. At the sidewalls, these zones are con-
siderably smaller.
The viscoplastic strains in y direction are generally smaller than those in the x and z
directions. Only in the area of the temporary face were larger strains also calculated in
the y direction, resulting from the three-dimensional load transfer.

21.5 Design of the Segmental Lining, Examples

21.5.1 Design of the Segmental Lining for Five Machine-Driven Rock Tunnels

Project
The new railway line between Genoa and Ventimiglia in northern Italy, near the border to
France, was planned by Italferr, a company of the Italian Railway Group. The contract
for the section between Andora and San Lorenzo al Mare was awarded to the Spanish
construction firm Ferrovial Agroman. In this section, a total of nine double-track tunnels
were planned. Five of these tunnels were driven by means of a TBM. The design of the
segmental lining for these five tunnels was carried out by WBI. In the plan represented in
Fig. 21.42, these tunnels are marked in red.

Figure 21.42 Section between Andora and San Lorenzo al Mare as part
of the new railway line Genoa-Ventimiglia, plan (Wittke et al. 2006)