Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 13.3
Acoustic (ultrasonic) logging
Method
References
Measured
parameters
Expected
information
Sonic log
ISRM 1981,
ISRM 2006
p-wave and
s-wave
velocities and
amplitudes
dynamic elastic constants of the
rock mass, detection of disturbed
rock zones
Borehole televiewer
ISRM 1981
amplitudes of ultra-
sonic waves reflected
from the borehole
wall
image of borehole walls
(Section 13.5.2)
Table 13.4
Electric and electromagnetic logging
Method
References
Measured
parameters
Expected
information
Resistivity log
ISRM 1981,
ISRM 2006
electric resistivity
of the rock mass at
several electrodes
along the borehole
location of stratigraphic
boundaries,
porosity and degree of saturation
of the rock mass
Microresistivity log
ISRM 1981
electric resistivity of
the rock mass near to
the borehole wall
location of stratigraphic
boundaries
Focused-current
resistivity log
ISRM 1981
electric resistivity
of the rock mass at
several narrowly
spaced electrodes
along the borehole
detection of
discontinuities
Spontaneous potential
(SP) log
ISRM 1981,
ISRM 2006
difference of electric
potential between
adjacent rock units
location of stratigraphic
boundaries,
porosity and degree of saturation
of the rock mass
Induction log
ISRM 1981,
ISRM 2006
electric conductivity
of the rock mass
detection of discontinuities
Resistivity
tomography
ISRM 2006
electric resistivity of
the rock mass
electrical
resistivity distribution
(tomogram)
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