Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
formed a mask to fabricate a master substrate, with the distance between colloids con-
trolled by the strength of the ionic solution [34, 35].
Metal Anodization
Moradi's team presented an anodization method to enhance bioactivity and biocompatibility, in
which the developed titanium substrate with an anodized Ti surface provided a safe and nontoxic
surface with enhanced endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) attachment and proliferation [36].
Thus anodization of Ti leads to the formation of protective TiO
2
nanostructures on the surface,
which provides a natural environment for cell growth [37]. El-Said
et al.
(2010) reported one-pot
electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole (PP) nanowires inside a nanoporous alumina tem-
plate [38] and its application as a substrate for cell culture to investigate cellular behavior. The
surface topography images of the fabricated substrates demonstrated the fabrication of a highly
ordered template (Figure 7.1). The PP-nanowires-coated nanoporous alumina substrate was
found to exhibit better cell adhesion and proliferation than a polystyrene Petridish, aluminum foil,
and first-anodized and uncoated second-anodized alumina substrates. In addition, the cells on a
(A)
(B)
500
40
35
30
25
250
20
15
10
5
0
0
nm
0
250
500
(C)
(D)
3500
3000 2500 2000 1500 1000
Wave number cm
-1
500
SKKU
SEI
15.0kV ×100.000
100 nm
WD 9.9 mm
Figure 7.1
Surface-topography images of fabricated substrates. (A) Two-dimensional atomic-force
microscope (AFM) image of an uncoated nanoporous alumina membrane. (B) Three-dimensional
AFM image of an uncoated nanoporous alumina membrane. (C) Scanning electron microscopy image
of a nanoporous alumina membrane coated with polypyrrole (PP) nanowires: scale bar 100 nm.
(D) Fourier transform infrared spectrum of a nanoporous alumina coated with PP nanowires. Figure
reproduced with permission from: ref. 38, © 2010 Elsevier.
