Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
taBlE 31.1
In vitro
and
in vivo
toxicity of metallic nanoparticles
Nanoparticle (size, dosage, and
exposure time)
Experimental model/
biological system
Biological effects
Reference
Silver nanoparticle
10 µg/ml
Human mesenchymal stem cells
DNA damage, functional impairment, and cell
death
[8]
A549 lung cells
Apoptsis and cytotoxic
[9]
RoS-dependent cytotoxic effect and RoS-
independent cell cycle assortment
[10]
40-80 nm
impairment of mitochondrial function
[11]
Caenorhabditis elegans
internalization of nanoparticle and cellular
toxicity
[12]
20 nm
l929 fibroblast RAW 264.7
macrophage
cytotoxic in l929 fibroblast
[13]
murine macrophages
internalization and localization in cytoplasm
[14]
mitochondrial damage, apoptsis, and cell death
5-100 µg/ml
Skin epithelial A431, lung
epithelial A549, and murine
macrophage Raw 2647
RoS generation, cellular disruption, expression
of stress markers pp38, TNF2, and hsp 70
[15]
gold nanoparticle
40, 200, and 400 µg/kg/day
mice intraperitoneal dosage
Bioaccumulation but no subacute physiological
damage
[16]
5-15 nm
Balb/3T3 mice fibroblast
Disruption of actin cytoskeleton
[17]
≥50 μm
Degradation of clatharin heavy chain
8 nm
Human liver cell line Hl7702
interaction with glutathione (gSH) resulting in
intracellular gSH depletion, mitochondrial
membrane depolarization, and apoptsis
[18]
50 nm
1.5 nm
Zebrafish embryo
Abnormal startle and adult behavior
[19]
Negatively charged (50 µg/ml) and
positively charged (10 µg/ml)
low survivorship in adults
Zinc oxide nanoparticle
300 mg/kg
mice
oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptsis
[20]
pathological lesions in liver
10-50 µg/ml
Human nasal mucosal cells
DNA damage and cytotoxic effect
[21]
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle
Rat and human glial cells c6 and
u373
Vesicle formation after internalization, apoptsis
[22]
cytotoxic
intratracheal instillation in mice
inflammation and bleeding in lung
[23]
Accumulation of RoS and increased lipid
peroxidation
Decreased antioxidant capacity
Zebrafish (
Danio rerio
)
Accumulation in gill, liver, heart, and brain
[24]
mice
Accumulation in kidney—nephric inflammation,
necrosis, and dysfunction
[25]
Silicon dioxide nanoparticle
20-100 nm
Renal proximal tubular cell lines
RoS generation, lipid peroxidation—oxidative
stress
[26]
Human Hk-2 and porcine
llc-pk1
copper oxide nanoparticle
100 nm
Human pulmonary epithelial cell
A549
Dose-dependent oxidative stress
[27]
genotoxic effects
23.5 nm
mice model
kidney, liver, and spleen are target organs
[28]
Nanocopper nanoparticle
50-200 mg/kg
Transcriptome profiling of rat
kidney
Renal proximal tubule necrosis in rat kidney
[29]
Sio
2
, Fe
2
o
3
, and cuo nanoparticle
Airway epithelial cells HEp-2 cells
oxidative stress due to redox coupling
[30]
cytotoxicity is dose-dependent and more in cuo
nanoparticles
