Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
29.5
conclusions
The results summarized in this chapter provide positive evidence for the potential use of hybrid humic nanomaterials
and nanocoatings as safe and environmentally benevolent agents to build a suite of new environmental remediation techno-
logies. This is because the properties of chemically modified humic materials can be manipulated efficiently and in a
reproducible manner.
Beyond PRB applications, HS can be used as stabilizing agents to prevent the aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles of zero-
valent iron and iron oxides in aqueous environments and engineered systems [61-63]. HS have been shown to stabilize “nano-
iron,” preventing it from aggregation and enhancing its mobility in aquifers [64]. The benefits of using HS, as compared to
synthetic modifiers (e.g., synthetic polymers), include their biocompatibility and remarkable capacity to detoxify and mitigate
the risk of potential hazards associated with the release of nanoparticles into the environment. Additionally and contrary to
biomacromolecules, HS are typically resistant to biodegradation under both anoxic and oxic conditions in soils and the
subsurface. In addition, engineered nanoparticles stabilized with HS can be synthesized in situ or a priori in HS solutions to
reduce the costs of remediation [65]. These properties create new opportunities for preparing agents of innovative remedial
technologies that combine the benevolent green properties of HS and their ability to self-assemble into hyperbranched
functionalized macromolecules with high performance and reactivity of engineered nanoparticles. This will bring about the
development of new treatment strategies based on nature-like nanotechnology solutions for remediation in general and for
actinide-contaminated environments in particular.
acknowleDgments
We dedicate this effort to Richard G. Haire in honor of his receiving the AcS 2013 Glenn T. Seaborg Award in nuclear chem-
istry. We acknowledge the support of the funding agencies that facilitated the reported research including the joint research
program of uS DOe and Russian Academy of Sciences (project Ruc2-20006 mO-04), Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(11-03-12177-OFI-m-2011), Russian ministry for Science and education (State contract No. 16.740.11.0183), and NATO-clG
(grant eSP.eAP.clG 983197).
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