Urban Surface Energy Balance Models: Model Characteristics and Methodology for a Comparison Study - Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Urban Areas - page 102

Table 11.12 Methods used to calculate storage heat flux ( Q s )

Model Storage heat flux methods

BEP02 Total storage heat flux is the sum of the storage heat flux

of roofs, walls, and road. For each surface the storage
comes from the energy budget that is solved

CAT, HIRLAM-U, MM5u,
LUMPS

OHM scheme (Grimmond et al., 1991)

ENVImet Soil 1D model, fully resolved, walls/building system no

storage term

GCTTC Residual from radiation after allowing for sensible and

latent heat.

MUCM Finite difference

MUKLIMO Walls and roofs have a heat capacity

NSLUCM Multi-layer thermal diffusion within wall/roof/road

SM2U Budget + Conduction + Force restore

SUMM Multi-layer thermal diffusion within walls/roof/road

SUEB As Q G in urban slab (solution of multi layer thermal

diffusion equation)

SUNBEEM 1D finite difference solution of heat conduction equation

for each facet

BEP05,TEB, TEB07,
CLMU, BEP05, TUF2D,
TUF3D, MOSES2T,
MOSES1T, VUCM,
MOUSES

Diffusion

UCLM Model calculates substrate heat exchange and changes

substrate temperatures accordingly.

Table 11.13 Methods used to calculate drag

Model Drag

BEP02, BEP05, TEB07 Drag distributed within the atmosphere

CAT, GCTTC, TEB Not included

CLMU, LUMPS, MM5u
TUF2D, TUF3D,
UCLM, VUCM
MOSES1T, MOSES2T,
SUEB

Prescribed Roughness length

ENVImet 3D Navier Stokes equation fully solved

HIRLAM-U Roughness length with stability dependence Zilitinkevich

et al. (2006)

MOUSES Roughness length with MacDonald et al. (1998)

MUCM Drag distributed within the atmosphere

MUKLIMO Solving 3D Navier Stokes equation with roughness

lengths at all material surfaces

NSLUCM Exponential wind profile

SM2U Roughness length Bottema (1995), Raupach (1994, 1995),

Guilloteau (1998), MacDonald et al. (1998)

SUNBEEM Roughness length