Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
15.4 APPLICATION POTENTIAL OF SHAC INVARIOUS HOT AND
HUMID CITIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
With the assurance of the energy and cooling merits of the SHAC system in subtrop-
ical Hong Kong, it is interesting to consider its application potential in the different
hot and humid cities in Southeast Asia and South China, where solar irradiation is
abundant. Air-conditioning is essential in maintaining the economic and commercial
activities of these urban areas. In this study, six additional cities are included: Bangkok,
Guangzhou, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, Singapore and Taipei - see Figure 15.4.1. Particu-
larly in the cities of the Southeast Asia, there is rapid economic growth and increasing
energy demand, and with it comes rising fossil fuel consumption which is increas-
ing environmental pressures. Resource availability varies greatly from place to place
in this region, which offers large potential for developing renewable energy initia-
tives. Many Southeast Asian countries have already adopted medium- and long-term
targets for renewable energy. For instance, Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand have
recently announced reduction targets for carbon dioxide emissions in support of the
Copenhagen Accord (Ölz and Beerepoot, 2010).
Year-round dynamic simulations of both SHAC and conventional AC systems are
being carried out for buildings in these cities, including the same office building zone
mentioned in Section 15.3. In these simulations, only the absorption chiller is involved
in the SHAC since it is more effective than the adsorption chiller in earlier hybrid
designs. The two types of air-conditioning system are specifically designed according
to the climatic conditions of these cities, for each of which weather data for a typical
meteorological year (DOE, 2011a; DOE, 2011b) are being used. As all the cities are
located in the northern hemisphere, the installation of solar collectors faces south,
with the tilt angle the same as the latitude of the respective cities in order to harness a
maximum of solar irradiation throughout a year. Table 15.4.1 summarizes the results
of cooling and energy performances of the SHAC and the conventional AC systems.
Figure 15.4.1 Hot and humid cities of Southeast Asia and South China in this study.
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