Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
MnMEIO
CLIO
40
(g)
Time
(a)
(d)
MnMEIO
30
20
Pre
MEIO
10
5 mm
CLIO
0
(b)
(e)
Pre-
1 h
2 h
8 h
(explanted)
Time
MnMEIO-
Herceptin
treatment
CLIO-
Herceptin
treatment
1 h
(h)
No
treatment
High
(c)
(f)
i
ii
iii
2 h
R2
Low
iv
v
vi
Figure 6.7
(a - f) Color maps of T
2
- weighted
MR images of a mouse implanted with the
cancer cell line NIH3T6.7, at different time
points after injection of MnMEIO-Herceptin
conjugates or CLIO - Herceptin conjugates
(preinjection (a, d); and 1 h (b, e) or 2 h (c, f)
after injection). In (a-c), the gradual color
changes at the tumor site, from red (i.e., low
R2) to blue (i.e., high R2), indicates
progressive targeting by the MnMEIO-
Herceptin conjugates. In contrast, almost no
change was seen in mice treated with
CLIO-Herceptin conjugate (d-f); (g) Plot of
R2 change versus time. In mice treated with
MnMEIO-Herceptin conjugate (
),
signifi cant R2 changes (up to 34%) were
observed with time after treatment. In
contrast, R2 changed by
<
5% after treatment
with CLIO-Herceptin conjugate (
) and by
<
13% after treatment with 12 - nm - MEIO -
Herceptin conjugate (
); (h)
Ex vivo
MR
images (i-iii) of explanted tumors (8 h) and
their color maps (iv-vi). The tumor explanted
after treatment with MnMEIO-Herceptin
conjugate (i) was dark; that explanted
following CLIO- Herceptin conjugate
treatment (ii) or no treatment (iii) showed no
contrast. Consistently, in the image color-
coded according to R2, the tumor explanted
after MnMEIO-Herceptin conjugate treatment
was blue (iv), whereas that after CLIO-
Herceptin conjugate treatment (v) or no
treatment (vi) was red. Reprinted with
permission from Ref. [131].
magnetic nanoprobing systems may play a pivotal role in the real-time visualiza-
tion of other biological events, such as cell traffi cking, cancer metastasis, cellular
signaling, and interactions at the molecular and cellular levels.
6.3.4
Radioimmunonanoparticles
Biologically active radioimmunoconjugates (RICs) were ligated to MNPs to form
r adio i mmuno n ano p article s ( RINP s). Both, Natarajan
et al.
[137, 138] and DeNardo
et al.
[139-141] applied this technique for hyperthermia in a human breast cancer
mouse model. An overview of reports related to immunonanoparticle (INP) and
