Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
French-speaking kings rule England, and English-speaking kings invade France as the two
budding nations define their modern borders. In the 1400s, feuding English nobles duke it
out for control of the country.
Timeline
1100s
Robin Hood, a legendary (and possibly real) bandit, steals from the rich and
gives to a poor populace that feels neglected and ignored by its francophone
rulers.
1189-1199
England is ruled by Richard the Lionheart, a not-so-great king who prefers
speaking French and spends his energy on distant Crusades. His influential
mother, the French-born Eleanor of Aquitaine, outlives Richard and is con-
sidered one of the most powerful women of the Middle Ages.
1209
London Bridge—the famous stone version, topped with houses—is built. It
stands until 1832.
