Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Hirschmann MM (2006) Water, melting, and the deep
Earth H
2
O cycle. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 34:
629-653
Hofmann AW (1988) Chemical differentiation of the
Earth: the relationship between mantle, continental
crust, and oceanic crust. Earth Planet Sci Lett 90:
297-314
Ishii M, Tromp J (2004) Constraining large-scale mantle
heterogeneity using mantle and inner-core sensitive
normal modes. Phys Earth Plan Int 146:113-124
Karato S (1990) The role of hydrogen in the electrical
conductivity of the upper mantle. Nature 347:272-273
Karato S (2011) Water distribution across the mantle
transition zone and its implications for global material
circulation. Earth Planet Sci Lett 301:413-423
Katz
Plank T, Langmuir CH (1992) Effects of the melting
regime on the composition of the oceanic crust. J
Geophys Res 97(B13):19749-19770
Plomerová J, Kouba D, Babuška V (2002) Mapping the
lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary through changes
in
surface-wave
anisotropy.
Tectonophysics
358:
175-185
Ringwood A (1975) Pyrolite and the chondritic Earth
model. In: Composition and petrology of the Earth's
mantle. International Series in the Earth's and Plane-
tary Sciences. McGraw Hill, pp 189-194
Ritsema J, van Heijst HJ, Woodhouse JH (2004) Global
transition
zone
tomography.
J
Geophys
Res
109,
B02302. doi:
10.1029/2003JB002610
Robinson PT, Malpas J, Dilek Y, Zhou M (2008) The
significance of sheeted dike complexes in ophiolites.
GSA Today 18(11):4-10. doi:
10.1130/GSATG22A.1
Rudnick RL, Gao S (2003) Composition of the continental
crust. In: Rudnick RL (ed) Treatise on geochemistry,
vol 3. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1-64
Schlische RW, Withjack MO, Olsen PE (2002) Relative
timing of CAMP, rifting, continental breakup, and
basin inversion: tectonic significance. In: Hames W
(ed) The central Atlantic magmatic province: insights
from fragments of Pangea, vol 136, Geophys. Monogr.
Ser. AGU, Washington, DC, pp 33-59. doi:
10.1029/
136GM03
Schmidt MW, Poli S (1998) Experimentally based water
budgets for dehydrating slabs and consequences for
arc magma generation. Earth Planet Sci Lett 163:
361-379
Shearer PM, Earle PS (2004) The global short-period
wavefield modelled with a Monte Carlo seismic
phonon method. Geophys J Int 158:1103-1117.
Shearer
RF,
Spiegelman
M,
Langmuir
CH
(2003)
A
new
parameterization
of
hydrous
mantle
melting.
Geochem
Geophys
Geosyst
4:1073.
doi:
10.1029/
Lee C-TA (2003) Compositional variation of density and
seismic velocities in natural peridotites at STP con-
ditions: implications for seismic imaging of composi-
tional heterogeneities in the upper mantle. J Geophys
Res 108(B9):2441. doi:
10.1029/2003JB002413
Ligi M, Bonatti E, Caratori Tontini F, Cipriani A, Cocchi
L, Schettino A, Bortoluzzi G, Ferrante V, Khalil S,
Mitchell NC, Rasul N (2011) Initial burst of oceanic
crust accretion in the Red Sea due to edge-driven man-
tle convection. Geology 391(11):1019-1022. doi:
10.
Ligi M, Bonatti E, Bortoluzzi G, Cipriani A, Cocchi L,
Caratori Tontini F, Carminati E, Ottolini L, Schettino
A (2012) Birth of an ocean in the Red Sea: initial
pangs. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 13(8), Q08009.
doi:
10.1029/2012GC004155
McKenzie D, Bickle MJ (1988) The volume and composi-
tion of melt generated by extension of the lithosphere.
J Petrol 29(3):623-679
McKenzie D, Jackson J, Priestley K (2005) Thermal
structure of oceanic and continental lithosphere. Earth
Planet Sci Lett 233:337-349. doi
:
10.1016/j.epsl.2005.
02.005
Morgan WJ (1971) Convection plumes in the lower man-
tle. Nature 230:42-43. doi:
10.1038/230042a0
Müller RD, Sdrolias M, Gaina C, Roest WR (2008)
Age, spreading rates, and spreading asymmetry of the
world's ocean crust. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 9(4),
Q04006. doi:
10.1029/2007GC001743
Nicolas A (1989) Structures of ophiolites and dynamics
of oceanic lithosphere. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht,
359 pp
Ohtani E, Toma M, Litasov K, Kubo T, Suzuki A (2001)
Stability of dense hydrous magnesium silicate phases
and water storage capacity in the transition zone and
lower mantle. Phys Earth Plan Int 124:105-117
Phipps
PM, Masters
TG (1992)
Global
mapping
of
topography
on
the
660-km
discontinuity.
Nature
355:791-796
Shimizu H, Koyama T, Baba K, Utada H (2010) Re-
vised 1-D mantle electrical conductivity structure be-
neath the north Pacific. Geophys J Int 180:1030-1048.
Shirey SB, Richardson SH (2011) Start of the Wilson
cycle at 3 Ga shown by diamonds from subcontinen-
tal mantle. Science 333:434-436. doi:
10.1126/science.
Stacey FD (2010) Thermodynamics of the Earth. Rep Prog
Phys 73:22 pp. doi:
10.1088/0034-4885/73/4/046801
Talwani M, Abreu V (2000) Inferences regarding initi-
ation of oceanic crust formation from the U.S. East
Coast margin and conjugate South Atlantic margins.
In: Mohriak W, Talwani M (eds) Atlantic rifts and
continental margins, vol 115, Geophys. Monogr. Ser.
AGU, Washington, DC, pp 211-233.
doi:
10.1029/
Tanimoto T, Anderson DL (1984) Mapping convection
in the mantle. Geophys Res Lett 11:287-290. doi:
10.
Morgan
J
(1987)
Melt
migration
beneath
mid-ocean
spreading
centers.
Geophys
Res
Lett
14(12):1238-1241
