Beyond Traditional Ethics when Developing Assistive Technology for and with Deaf People in Developing Regions - Ethical Engineering for International Development and Environmental Sustainability - page 292

Fig. 10.1 From weak towards strong participation, emphasising empowerment

loudly on a cell phone to share with others. 'Co-design' derives from the application
of the action research paradigm in a design setting: both the computer experts and
the community members are designers on an equal footing and work cooperatively.
Of course, this is an ideal approach, and the reality of performing co-design is
fraught with challenges, as will be discussed below. Being based in academia, we
are also involved with conveying this methodology, stressing its rewards and obsta-
cles, to students (Blake and Glaser 2013 ; Blake et al. 2014 ). Of particular concern
in this chapter are the ethical issues that arise when conducting CBCD. This entails
addressing standard IRB concerns and the consequences of performing CBCD that
takes ethics concerns beyond the traditional.

2 Traditional Ethics and Limitations

Before delving into the ethical peculiarities of interventionist research, such as
alternative views of informed consent and community rather than individual orien-
tation, this chapter fi rst reviews the basics of conventional codes of conduct preva-
lent in computing-related professional bodies and also for scientifi c research in
tertiary institutions. Then the chapter explores related literature and work that both
criticise traditional approaches and/or offer extensions to the traditional canon in
order to deal with the consequences of conducting community-based and driven
interventions.
The computing disciplines offer a collection of professional codes of ethics. The
Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) and Institute of Electronic and