Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 8.5 General diagram of
the event-driven simulator
Start
Search NET
for next event
n-th
model
N
T
End of
simulation
Final
computations
Next
Event.
Table
(NET)
End
Model
1
Model
n
. . .
5.2
Regional Power Distribution Centre System (SAPI ODM)
The regional power distribution centre systems (SAPI ODMs from Polish systemy
automatycznego przetwarzania informacji okręgowych dyspozycji mocy = regional
power control centre automatic data processing systems) (see Fig. 8.6 ) were
intended to be used as computer aids for the control of power systems in Poland.
The only computer available for this design task, despite its very high importance to
the whole economy, was Odra 1325. This computer was originally intended to only
be used for numerical computing and had several major design faults. However, due
to the additional work of the SAPI ODM design team (in particular, development of
the automatic restart unit), the system functioned satisfactorily. It supported the
control of power systems for over half the power in the Polish grid for nearly 20
years, at a mean availability factor exceeding 92%. The less than 100% availability
was due to planned and unplanned computer inspections and maintenance and not
problems with the control system. According to the official formulae used for evalu-
ating benefits in the power industry in Poland at that time and information supplied
by Dr. Kowalski, the chief coordinator and project manager of the project, SAPI
ODM produced benefits exceeding five billion euros.
5.3
Control Application-Oriented Operating System SOSAPI
To ensure the development of reliable software structures for control applications,
Leading Designer 4 used the process control-oriented specialised operating system
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