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Acknowledgements
This chapter has greatly benefited from the thoughts, questions, visions, and
assistance of many people. Jodi Frawley and Iain McCalman's symposium on
'Rethinking Invasion Ecologies' prompted me to get moving on this research, and
the work of the scholars they brought together proved to be important inspiration
for questions and themes that guided the chapter. I am also in debt to both for their
comments on my paper and later the draft chapter. I have had formative discussions
about this research with friends and colleagues, some of whom have also gener-
ously read drafts. I would particularly like to thank Jenny Atchison, James Beattie,
Geoff Ginn, Leah Gibbs, Lesley Head, Jan Oosthoek, Libby Robin, and the
Environmental Humanities Group at UNSW. A special thanks to Thom van
Dooren who discussed ducks and rice at length with me and read more than one
draft. Rose Docker gave important assistance in researching the Australian Museum
archives. This chapter is based on research funded through the Australian Research
Council (FL0992397).
Notes
1
'Puddle' means to muddy and otherwise disturb flooded bays while paddling.
2
I discuss the history of rice growing in more depth in O'Gorman (2013: 96-115).
3
For example, between 1920 and 1964, Kinghorn wrote 22 separate reports for various
State and Federal Government departments. 'Bibliography - Reports on Fauna to
Government Departments by J. R. Kinghorn'. AMS402, Papers of J.K. (Roy) Kinghorn,
1920-1964, Australian Museum.
4
The total number of farms that had a rice crop in the 1931-1932 and 1932-1933 seasons
is unclear. The area under rice cultivation was approximately 20,000 acres. 'Agriculture-
Division of Marketing and Economics, Correspondence, 1923-73'.384B, SR NSW.
5
This is despite there being a significant amount of overlap between the membership of
the Royal Zoological Society and the employees at the Australian Museum. For instance,
Kinghorn was both a society member and Museum employee (Docker, 2007; Hutchings,
2012: 80).
6
For more on the 1951-1952 season, see Frith (1957a: 33); SMH , 26 September 1951: 2;
SMH , 19 September 1952: 2; The Mail (Adelaide), 16 February 1952: 6; Canberra Times ,
28 February 1952: 6; SMH , 1 September 1952: 4; 'NPWS Wildlife Files', 1961-1988.,
SRNSW.
7
Frith also later headed the Wildlife Survey Section of CSIRO. Frith's work on ducks was
central to his later work and career (Certificate of nomination to the Australian Academy
of Science. 23 July 1971, H. J. Frith Files, Basser Library. AAS; Tyndale-Biscoe et al .,
1995: 252).
8
For open seasons, see 'Duck Shooting NSW Rice Fields', 1957-78. PROV; 'NPWS
Wildlife Files', 1961-1988. SRNSW; and Curtin and Kingsford (1997: 24). For more on
contemporary regulations of duck hunting on rice farms, see Game Council (2013).
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