Environmental Engineering Reference
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10 NASA-CT, AGR 725, No 117, Agent General of the Cape of Good Hope to Secretary
for Agriculture, 14 September 1896, enclosing W. C. Thiselton-Dyer to Sir David
Tennant, 12 September 1896.
11 NASA-CT, AGR 725, B566, Hutchins to Under-Secretary for Agriculture, 21 October
1896.
12 59 NASA-CT, AGR 722, F719, Maiden to Under-Secretary of Agriculture, 3 November
1896.
13 Transvaal Department of Agriculture, Annual Report of the Director of Agriculture , 1 July
1905 to 30 June 1906 (Pretoria, Government Stationery Office, 1907), pp. 14-15.
14 National Archives of South Africa Pretoria [NASA-P], Transvaal Agriculture Department
[TAD], 540, 1181/06, H. F. Wilson to High Commissioner, 29 December 1904,
enclosing J. Storr Lister, 'Forest Officers: Scientific Training Of', 29 November 1904;
Carlson, Transplanted: Being the Adventures of a Pioneer Forester in South Africa (1947),
Chapter 7.
15 NASA-P, TAD 540, 1181/06, F618, Joseph Storr Lister to Charles Legat, 6 January 1909.
16 J. D. Keet, Director of Forestry from 1935 to 1943 in the integrated Department of
Agriculture and Forestry, studied at the South African College forestry school.
17 Annual Report of the Department of Forestry for the Year Ended 31st March, 1931 (U.G.
11/1932), p. 28.
18 For some of the files related to classification and experiments of exotic species of tree, see
NASA-CT: District Forest Officer Butterworth (FBT) 1/3; FBT 1/4; Chief Regional
Forest Officer Transkei (FCT) 3/1/57; FCT 3/1/60; FCT 3/1/61. Foresters worked to
create comprehensive guides of Eucalyptus species in South Africa. See Marsh, 'A Key
to the Species of Eucalyptus Grown in South Africa' (1939), pp. 16-64.
19 See the research on Eucalyptus saligna from 1914 to 1923, documented in NASA-CT,
FCT 3/1/61, T 953/51.
20 Interestingly, Hutchins made the suggestion to space pines wider apart, one of the major
changes brought about by Craib's research. See NASA-CT, FCT 3/1/61, T953/74,
C. E. Legat to all Conservators, 25 Feb. 1915. Craib's methods remained highly contro-
versial in Europe until the 1960s.
21 For the 1960 statistics, see Republic of South Africa Department of Forestry, Investigation
of the Forest and Timber Industry of South Africa: Report on South Africa's Timber Resources,
1960 (1964), p. 7. For the 1993 statistic, see Davidson, 'Ecological Aspects of Eucalyptus
Plantations' (1995/1996).
References
Barton, G. A. 2002. Empire Forestry and the Origins of Environmentalism , Cambridge,
Cambridge University Press.
Beinart, W. 2003. The Rise of Conservation in South Africa: Settlers, Livestock and the
Environment 1770-1950 , Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Beinart, W. and Coates P. 1995. Environment and History: The Taming of Nature in the USA
and South Africa , London, Routledge.
Beinart, W. and Middleton, K. 2004. Plant Transfers in Historical Perspective. Environment
and History , 10, 3-29.
Bennett, B. M. 2010. The El Dorado of Forestry: The Eucalyptus in India, South Africa, and
Thailand, 1850-2000. International Review of Social History , 55, 27-50.
Bennett, B. M. 2013. The Rise and Demise of South Africa's First School of Forestry.
Environment and History , 19, 63-85.
Brown, K. 2001. The Conservation and Utilisation of the Natural World: Silviculture in the
Cape Colony, c. 1902-1910. Environment and History , 4, 427-447.
Brown, K. 2003. 'Trees, Forests and Communities': Some Historiographical Approaches to
Environmental History on Africa. Area , 35, 343-356.
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