Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
(b)
Spectrum1
C
Al
O
Ni
N
0
2
4
6
8
10
200 nm
WD = 4 mm
EHT = 10.00 kV
Full scale 4031 cts cursor: 3.447 (31 cts)
Mag = 50.00 K X
Signal A = InLens
Gun Vacuum = 3.42e-009 mBar
FIGURE 36.4
(a) SEM image of post-Al-reduction sample and (b) EDX spectra of image in (a). (From A. Gupta et al.,
I&EC Res
.,
48, 9697, 2009.)
(a)
(b)
100 nm
100 nm
Mag = 200.00 K X
EHT = 20.00 kV
Date: 5 Jan 2010
Time: 16:49:38
Mag = 200.00 K X
EHT = 10.00 kV
Date: 28 Apr 2010
Time: 15:26:38
WD = 3 mm
Signal A = InLens
WD = 3 mm
Signal A = InLens
Spectrum5
C
(c)
(d)
O
Fe
As
Fe
Fe
As
As
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
200 nm
Full scale 7450 cts Cursor: 0.000
Mag = 200.00 K X
EHT = 10.00 kV
WD = 4 mm
Signal A = InLens
FIGURE 36.5
SEM images of Fe-CNF (a) before and (b) after sonication and (c) postadsorption with As(V), and (d) EDX spec-
tra of the image in (c). (From A. Gupta et al.,
I&EC Res.
, 49, 7074, 2010.)
We will now discuss the SEM images of the other adsorbent, namely, micro-/nano-
carbon beads. Figure 36.6 shows representative images and the EDX spectra of different
specimens of Fe-doped polymeric beads and carbonized/activated Fe beads (before and
after adsorption with arsenic). Figure 36.6a shows that the Fe-doped beads were approx-
imately spherical (average diameter ~0.6 mm), with a smooth surface. The SEM image
