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(d)
(a)
(b)
~SH
+ ~S—Au + —S~
~SH
S 2 O 2-
Graphene
2-ME
Au NPs
Pb 2+
180,000
160,000
250
200
150
(e)
(c)
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
a
1000 nM
300
b
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
200
100
50
0 0
10 nM
0 M
a
c
200
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
7.5
[Pb 2+ ] (-log a)
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Concentration of paraoxon (µM)
b
100
c
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
300
400 500
Wavelength (nm)
600
700
Time (s)
FIGURE 34.5
(a) Photograph of RGON ilm. (b) SEM image of the assembled ilm. (c) Amperometric responses with respect to 2 μM increments of paraoxon in N 2 -saturated PBS.
Applied potential, +0.85 V: ( a ) OPH-RGON, ( b ) OPH-f-RGON, and ( c ) OPH-RGO ilms. Inset shows the calibration curves of the current signals with respect to the
concentration of paraoxon. (From Choi, B.G., ACS Nano , 4, 2910, 2010. With permission.) (d) Schematic representation of the sensing mechanism for the detection of
Pb 2+ ions based on leaching of Au NPs on the surface of graphene. (e) Fluorescence spectra of graphene-Au nanocomposites (NCs) in 5 mM glycine solution upon the
addition of increasing concentrations of Pb 2+ ions (0 M-1000 nM) under optimal conditions. The inset is the calibration curve of the graphene-Au NCs for detection
of Pb 2+ ions. (Adapted from Fu, X. et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 4, 1080, 2012. With permission.)
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