Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
30
Evaluation of a Zinc Clinoptilolite (ZZ
®
)
for Drinki
ng Water Treatment
Gerardo Rodríguez-Fuentes,
1
Inocente Rodríguez Iznaga,
1
Aurelio Boza,
1
Anaisa Pérez,
1
Bárbara Cedré,
2
Laura Bravo-Fariñas,
3
Aniran Ruiz,
3
Anabel Fernández-Abreu,
3
and Víctor Sende Odoardo
4
1
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
2
Instituto Finlay, La Habana, Cuba
3
Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Pedro Kouri,” La Habana, Cuba
4
Laboratorio ENAST La Habana, Instituto Nacional de Recursos Hidráulicos, La Habana, Cuba
CONTENTS
30.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 602
30.1.1 Why ZZ and Not a Salt or Zinc Compound? ................................................... 604
30.1.2 What Are the Bases of the ZZ Project? ............................................................. 606
30.2 Materials and Methods ..................................................................................................... 606
30.2.1 Chemical Studies ................................................................................................. 607
30.2.2 Microbicidal Effect ............................................................................................... 607
30.3 Results and Discussion ..................................................................................................... 609
30.3.1 Production and Utilization of ZZ ...................................................................... 609
30.3.2 Chemical Studies ................................................................................................. 611
30.3.3 How Many Water Puriication Systems Have Been Designed? .................... 614
30.3.4 Microbicidal Effect ............................................................................................... 617
30.3.5 What Is the Useful Life of a ZZ Water Puriication System? ......................... 621
30.3.6 How Much ZZ Is Required to Purify the Drinking Water of One Person?... 621
30.3.7 How Long Can the ZZ Load or Cartridge Be Used in a Domestic Puriier? ... 621
30.3.8 What Can You Do with the Discarded Load of ZZ once the Material
Has Been Replaced? ............................................................................................. 621
30.3.9 Can the ZZ Production Technology Be Transferred? ..................................... 621
30.3.10 What Is the Production Cost of 1 Ton of ZZ and How Much Water Can
Be Puriied with It? .............................................................................................. 621
30.4 Project Feasibility ............................................................................................................... 621
30.5 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 623
Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................................... 624
References ..................................................................................................................................... 624
601
