Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
14
Iron-Based Magnetic Nanomaterials
in Wastew
ater Treatment
Zongshan Zhao,
1,2
Jing Lan,
3
Guoliang Li,
1
and Guibin Jiang
1
1
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for
Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
2
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,
Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
3
College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
CONTENTS
14.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 265
14.2 Synthesis of Iron-Based MNMs ....................................................................................... 266
14.2.1 Simple Nanocrystals .............................................................................................. 267
14.2.1.1 Spherical Nanoparticles ......................................................................... 268
14.2.1.2 Octahedral, Dodecahedron, and Cubic Nanoparticles ..................... 268
14.2.2 Structurally Functionalized MNMs ................................................................... 270
14.2.2.1 One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Fe
3
O
4
Nanomaterials...... 270
14.2.2.2 Hierarchical Superstructures ................................................................ 272
14.2.3 Chemical-Functionalized MNMs ........................................................................ 273
14.2.3.1 Monomeric Coating ................................................................................ 273
14.2.3.2 Inorganic Materials ................................................................................. 273
14.2.3.3 Polymer Stabilizers ................................................................................. 275
14.2.3.4 Other Strategies ....................................................................................... 276
14.3 Iron-Based MNMs in Water Treatment .......................................................................... 276
14.3.1 Adsorption Technologies ...................................................................................... 277
14.3.1.1 Sorbents for Heavy Metals..................................................................... 277
14.3.1.2 Sorbents for Organic Contaminants..................................................... 279
14.3.1.3 Photocatalytic Technology ..................................................................... 280
14.4 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 281
References ..................................................................................................................................... 282
14.1 Introduction
Since magnetic separation was irst described for separating iron minerals by William
Fullarton, it has aroused a continuously increasing worldwide concern in areas ranging
from adsorption to biotechnology [1-5]. In an effort to combat the problem of water pollu-
tion, the processes based on magnetic nanomaterials (MNMs) have been considered prom-
ising options for reducing contaminants owing to their rapid, low-cost, and highly eficient
265
