Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
6
SonoPhotoCatalytic Cavitation (SPCC)
in Water T
reatment
Tony F. Diego,
1
Curt Hallberg,
2
and Maria Jose Lopez Tendero
3
1
42TEK S.L., Almazora, Spain
2
Watreco AB, Malmö, Sweden
3
Laurentia S.L., València Parc Tecnològic, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
CONTENTS
6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 107
6.2 Water Physical-Chemical Properties .............................................................................. 109
6.3 Cavitation ............................................................................................................................ 114
6.4 Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) ............................................................................... 116
6.5 Sonophotocatalysis ............................................................................................................ 117
6.6 Sonoluminescence ............................................................................................................. 117
6.7 Applications with Vortex Cavitation ............................................................................... 119
6.7.1 Water Remediation ................................................................................................ 120
6.7.2 Fuel Emulsiication and Mixing .......................................................................... 120
6.7.3 Cooling Water Treatment ...................................................................................... 120
6.7.4 Wastewater/Digester ............................................................................................. 120
6.7.5 Emerging Contaminants....................................................................................... 121
6.7.6 Biodiesel .................................................................................................................. 121
6.7.7 Ballast Water Treatment ........................................................................................ 121
6.7.8 Enhanced Organic Reactions ............................................................................... 121
6.7.9 Ice Fabrication ......................................................................................................... 122
6.8 SonoPhotoCatalytic Cavitation or SPCC ........................................................................ 122
Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................................... 123
References ..................................................................................................................................... 123
6.1 Introduction
This chapter is based on the relationship between two familiar and naturally occurring
phenomena, that of sound and that of light, but that in some cases can be very closely
related as shown by the extreme forms and effects produced by cavitation. Under the
right circumstances, such an effect can achieve a high level of eficiency that is indeed
capable of producing
sonoluminescence
, or the emission of photons by sound stimula-
tion. A closely related ield to sonoluminescence, by extension, is
sonophotocatalysis
or
the capability to reproduce the photocatalytic effect upon a suitably treated surface, from
the emission of photons from sonoluminescence and thus enabling a new ield of study
107
