Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
(0.898 mol) (0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (292 K)
1.06 atm
a
1 mmol NH
3
1 mmol HCl
nRT
P
PP12.11
V
37.50 mmol HCl
b
37.50 mmol NH
3
37.50 mmol NH
3
40.63 mL NH
3
20.3 L
0.9230 M NH
3
a
1 mol N
2
28.0 g N
2
PP12.12
7.11 g N
2
b
0.253
9
mol N
2
PP11.20
H
2
SO
4
(aq)
2 NaOH(aq) £ Na
2
SO
4
(aq)
2 H
2
O(
/
)
a
4.176 mmol H
2
SO
4
1 mL
1 atm
760 torr
799 torr
a
b
1.05
1
atm
25.00 mL
b
104.4 mmol H
2
SO
4
16
273
289 K
a
2 mmol NaOH
1 mmol H
2
SO
4
104.4 mmol H
2
SO
4
b
208.8 mmol NaOH
(0.253
9
mol) (0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (289 K)
1.05
1
atm
nRT
P
V
1 mL NaOH
1.500 mmol NaOH
208.8 mmol NaOH
a
b
139.2 mL NaOH
5.73 L
(0.0855 mol) (0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (298 K)
0.0661 L
nRT
V
PP11.21
NaHCO
3
(aq)
HCl(aq) £ NaCl(aq)
CO
2
(g)
H
2
O(
/
)
PP12.15
P
a
2.500 mmol HCl
1 mL HCl
31.6 atm
27.17 mL HCl
b
67.92
5
mmol HCl
PP12.17
P
Ne
P
total
P
O
2
1.031 atm
0.922 atm
0.109 atm
a
1 mmol NaHCO
3
1 mmol HCl
67.92
5
mmol HCl
b
67.93 mmol NaHCO
3
a
1 mol CO
2
44.0 g CO
2
PP12.21
48.3 g CO
2
b
1.09
8
mol CO
2
(1.09
8
mol) (0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (273 K)
1.00 atm
nRT
P
12 Gases
PP12.2
V
P
1
V
1
P
2
V
2
24.6 L
(1.50 atm) (35.0 mL)
P
2
(20.5 mL)
Although the masses of the gases are the same, the numbers of
moles are different because the gases have different molar
masses. Because the numbers of moles are different, the vol-
umes are different.
P
2
2.56 atm
PP12.3
P
V
1
1.20 atm
V
1
(1.04
3
atm) (2.76 L)
(0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (295 K)
PV
RT
PP12.22
n
0.118
9
mol
2
744 torr
70.4 mL
P
1
V
1
P
2
V
2
3.38 g
0.118
9
mol
Molar mass
28.4 g/mol
1 atm
760 torr
(1.20 atm)
V
1
(744 torr)
a
b
(70.4 mL)
(0.985
5
atm) (2.90 L)
(0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (297 K)
PV
RT
PP12.23
n
0.117
2
mol
V
1
57.4 mL
PP12.4
P
1
V
1
P
2
V
2
3.53 g
0.117
2
mol
30.1 g/mol
a
1000 mL
1 L
Molar mass
P
1
(485 mL)
(1.18 atm) (1.16 L)
b
a
1 mol C
12.01 g C
P
1
2.82 atm
79.89 g C
b
6.652 mol C
9
(
t
F
9
(98.6
9
(66.6)
PP12.5
t
32.0)
32.0)
37.0°C
a
1 mol H
1.008 g H
20.11 g H
b
19.95 mol H
T
37.0
273
310 K
PP12.6
The effect of lowering the temperature is a lowering of the vol-
ume. (Note that doubling the Celsius temperature does
not
double
the volume.)
19.95 mol H
6.652 mol C
2.999 mol H
1 mol C
The empirical formula is with an empirical formula
mass of 15.0 g/mol of empirical formula units:
CH
3
,
T
1
T
2
V
2
PP12.7
V
1
30.1 g/mol
15.0 g/mol empirical formula units
T
1
(273
55) K
1.75 L
0.456 L
2 mol empirical formula units
1 mol
T
1
85.5 K
P
1
V
1
T
1
P
2
V
2
T
2
The molecular formula is
C
2
H
6
.
PP12.8
n
P
RT
(789 torr) (1 atm/760 torr)
(0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K) (298 K)
PP12.24
V
(717 torr) [ (1 atm)/ (760 torr) ]
V
1
(293 K)
(1.07 atm) (908 mL)
(345 K)
0.0424
3
mol/L
V
1
875 mL
0.0424
3
mol
L
a
80.1 g
1 mol
b
3.40 g/L
P
1
V
1
T
1
P
2
V
2
T
2
PP12.9
3.00 g O
2
1 L
a
1 mol O
2
32.0 g O
2
PP12.25
b
0.0937
5
mol/L
(811 torr) (49.7 mL)
(325 K)
(760 torr)
V
2
(273 K)
P
R
a
V
n
1.50 atm
0.0821 L
#
atm/mol
#
K
1 L
0.0937
5
mol
T
b
a
b
a
b
V
2
44.5 mL
195 K
