Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Solution
CH
3
OCH
2
CH
2
CH
3
CH
3
CH
2
OCH
2
CH
3
CH
3
CHOCH
3
CH
3
Practice Problem 20.13
Write line formulas for all alcohols that are
isomers of methyl ethyl ether.
EXAMPLE 20.14
Write condensed formulas for all ethers that have the molecular formula
C
5
H
12
O.
Solution
¬
O
¬
It is best to answer questions like this systematically. Every ether has an
functional group with at least one carbon atom on each side of the oxygen atom.
Therefore, in the present problem, the most carbon atoms on one side will be
four, corresponding to the formula
CH
3
OC
4
H
9
.
There are four ethers corre-
sponding to this formula:
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
OCH
3
CH
3
CH
2
CHOCH
3
CH
3
CH
3
W
CH
3
COCH
3
CH
3
CHCH
2
OCH
3
CH
3
CH
3
Next we consider the ethers with three carbon atoms on one side of the oxygen
atom, leaving two on the other. There are two such formulas:
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
OCH
2
CH
3
CH
3
CHOCH
2
CH
3
CH
3
There are no other combinations.
Practice Problem 20.14
What classes of compounds must be included
in the answers to the following problems?
(a)
Write structural formulas for all ethers having molecular formula
C
5
H
12
O.
(b)
Write structural formulas for all isomers having molecular formula
C
5
H
12
O.
Aldehydes and Ketones
Both aldehydes and ketones have the carbonyl group as the functional group:
O
X
±C±
