Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
13.5.7 Sediment Reuse: Orion Project, Port of New York and New Jersey
Sediments must often be removed by dredging to maintain waterways and ports.
Approximately 5% to 10% of these sediments are contaminated (Urban Harbors Institute,
2000). Management of these materials must be planned carefully with environmental
protection and economic viability. An initial draft report was of a Dredged Material
Management Plan (DMMP) was prepared in 1999 and inalized with Environmental
Impact Statement in 2008. The Port of New York and New Jersey has to dredge approxi-
mately 0.8 to 1.6 million m
3
of sediment every year. Since one third of the sediments do
not meet standards, alternate uses are required. More than 1.2 million m
3
have been
used as foundation ill for a parking lot. The sediments were dredged, transported to
a screening facility and then pumped on to the shore for mixing with cement kiln dust
to improve compressive strength. The mixture was placed on a 24-ha lot and asphalt
was used to cover the ill. No virgin material was required for the lot foundation. In the
DMMP, numerous optins are considered for dredged sediments (U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, 2008). They include
• Contaminant remediation, removal, treatment of containment by capping
• Use of dredged material to remediate the ocean site of Historic Area Remediation
Site (HARS)
• Use of dredged materials for restoration and creation of wetlands, benthic, and
bird habitats, reefs for marine life
• Remediation of abandoned mines, quarries, and landills with dredged materials
• Reuse of treated dredged materials, for construction grade cement, light weight
aggregate, and manufactured soil
• Conined aquatic disposal
13.6 A Case Study Scheme for Sustainable Geoenvironment Practice:
Remediation of Cesium-Contaminated Surface Soils
13.6.1 Introduction and Problem Setting
The techniques for cleaning or decontamination of contaminated soils has been well dis-
cussed in the previous chapters. However, when extensive areas of surface layer soils are
contaminated, the kinds of remediation technology will likely be different—to a very large
extent because of the areal extent of surface soil contamination, and also because the depth
of the surface soil layer precludes application of subsurface soil treatment techniques. Such
a case of extensive surface layer soil contamination is the farmlands in the Tohoku area
of Japan. The discussion in this section uses the radioactive cesium-contaminated surface
layer soils of the area as an example of what might be used as an applicable technology for
remediation of the surface layer soils—drawing its experience from the successful reme-
diation of contaminated sediments in Fukuyama Harbor, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.
A special note: The discussion in this section should not be construed as promoting
the use of the discussed technique, procedures, and technologies previously applied for
remediation of Fukuyama Harbor for the soils in the Tohoku area. Instead, it is the intent
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