Natural Resources Extraction: Stressors and Impact Management - Sustainable Practices in Geoenvironmental Engineering - page 171

30

Red mud�measured

25

Kaolinite�theory

20

Red mud�theory

15

10

Kaolinite�measured

5

0

0 5 10 15 20 25

Solids concentration (wt./wt.)

FIGURE 5.17
Calculated and measured settling velocities for a kaolinite soil suspension and bauxite red mud.

+3
0
-5

Maximum agglomeration and flocculation
Excellent agglomeration and flocculation

Fair agglomeration and flocculation

-10

reshold of agglomeration and flocculation

-20

Plateau of slight dispersion

-30

Moderate dispersion

-40

Good dispersion

-50

Very good dispersion

-60

Excellent dispersion

-80

Maximum dispersion

-100

FIGURE 5.18
Relationship among zeta potential (ξ), soil microstructure (loccs and aggregations of particles), and dispersion
stability for clay soils.