Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Centrifuge
or
hydrocyclone
Slurry
Kaolin and
water
Specific
sizes of
particles
Impurities
Chemical treatment
(bleaching) for
brightness
High intensity magnetic
separation for removal of iron
and titanium impurities
Iron and
titanium
Product
FIGURE 4.4
Production of coatings-grade kaolin using the hydrous procedure. Note that the discharge of impurities needs
to be managed to ameliorate the impact on the geoenvironment.
Iron oxides, materials containing
calcium, aluminium, and silicon
Limestone
and
others
Cyclones
preheating
Grinding
Blending
Raw
meal
Cement kiln dust
(CKN) (airborne)
Clinker
storage
Additives
fly ash
gypsum, etc.
Cement kiln dust
(CKN)
(deposited)
Bulk
storage
and
loading
Cement mills
grinding
FIGURE 4.5
Basic elements in manufacture of cement. Fugitive cement kiln dust (CKN) from the rotary kiln and clinker stor-
age elements of the process will be airborne and captured CKN from scrubber systems will be deposited on land.
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