Geoscience Reference
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Artificially fertilised algal bloom. Nitrogen supply has increased in the industrialised world
during the last century. Nitrogen oxides are formed during combustion and are released by car
engines, for example. Ammonia—a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen—evaporates from live-
stock barns and manure piles. Grass grows better, but at the expense of flowering plants, when
this nitrogen reaches the soil. Algae also benefit, forming a near-phosphorescent coating on tree
trunks, buildings and, as here, on fence posts
create fertiliser capable of exponentially increasing harvest volumes and render-
ing barren land fertile. Haber and Bosch were actually not the first to manufac-
ture artificial fertiliser: that distinction falls to Kristian Birkeland, a Norwegian
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