Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 9.8
Summary of Slope Treatment Methods for Stabilization
Treatment
Conditions General Purpose (Preventive or Remedial)
Change Slope Geometry
Reduce height
Rotational slides
Prevent/treat during early stages
Reduce Inclination
All soil/rock
Prevent/treat during early stages
Add weight to toe
Soils
Treat during early stages
Control Surface Water
Vegetation
Soils
Prevent
Seal cracks
Soil/rock
Prevent/treat during early stages
Drainage system
Soil/decomposing rock
Prevent/treat during early stages
Control Internal Seepage
Deep wells
Rock masses
Temporary treatment
Vertical gravity drains
Soil/rock
Prevent/treat during early stages
Subhorizontal drains
Soil/rock
Prevent/treat early to Intermediate stages
Galleries
Rock/strong soils
Prevent/treat during early stages
Relief wells or toe trenches
Soils
Treat during early stages
Interceptor trench drains
Soils (cuts/fills)
Prevent/treat during early stages
Blanket drains
Soils (fills)
Prevent
Electroosmosis
a
Soils (silts)
Prevent/treat during early stages: temporarily
Chemical
a
Soils (clays)
Prevent/treat during early stages
Retention
Concrete pedestals
Rock overhang
Prevent
Rock bolts
Jointed or sheared rock
Prevent/treat sliding slabs
Concrete straps and bolt.
Heavily jointed or soft rock
Prevent
Cable anchors
Dipping rock beds
Prevent/treat early stages
Wire meshes
Steep rock slopes
Contain falls
Concrete impact wells
Moderate slopes
Contain sliding or rolling blocks
Shotcrete
Soft or jointed rock
Prevent
Rock-filled buttress
Strong soils/soft rock
Prevent/treat during early stages
Gabion wall
Strong soils/soft rock
Prevent/treat during early stages
Crib wall
Moderately strong soils
Prevent
Reinforced earth wall
Soils/decomposing rock
Prevent
Concrete gravity walls
Soils to rock
Prevent
Anchored concrete curtain walls
Soils/decomposing rock
Prevent/treat—early to intermediate stages
Bored or root piles
Soils/decomposing rock
Prevent/treat—early stages
a
Provides strength increase
.
Time available for remedial work on failed slopes, judged on the basis of slope
activity, movement velocity and acceleration, and existing and near-future
weather conditions
●
Degree of hazard and risk
●
Necessity to reduce or eliminate the hazard
●
Hazard Elimination
The hazard can be eliminated by sufficient reduction of the slope height and inclination
combined with an adequate surface drainage system or by retention.
Retention of rock slopes is accomplished with pedestals, rock bolts, bolts and straps, or
cable anchors; retention of soil slopes is accomplished with the addition of adequate mate-
rial at the toe of the slope or with properly designed and constructed walls.
