Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Road
Major fracture
Loose
blocks
Minor fracture
FIGURE 9.84
Possible orientation of fracture planes at km 10+750 which might
lead to a very large failure (Tapaktuan, Sumatra).
Recharge area: water levels
decline with increasing depth
Discharge area: water
levels increse with
increasing depth
Equipotential
line
Flow line
(a)
Slide
FIGURE 9.85
The effect of colluvium on groundwater flow in a
slope: (a) flow in slope before slide and (b) flow in
slope with mantle of slide debris. (From Patton, F.D.
and Hendron, A.J., Jr.,
Proceedings of the 2nd
International Congress, International Association of
Engineering Geology,
Sao Paulo, 1974, P.V-GR 1.
With permission.)
Slide
debris
Flow line
Equipotential line
(b)
(b)
(b)
(c)
FIGURE 9.86
The influence of topography on runoff
and seepage. Cuts and natural slopes at
convex slopes at (a) are relatively stable
compared with the concave slope at
(b) or the slope at (c).
(a)
