Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Shallow saprolite
over
gneissic bedrock
Alluvial
floodplain
Species
Gravelly
valley side
Colluvium over
deep saprolite
Species
Species
Species
%
%
%
%
Sycamore
Sweet gum
Red maple
Others
30
Red maple
Black oak
Hornbeam
Sweet gum
Hickory
Others
23
Sweet gum
Tulip tree
Red maple
Hickory
Black oak
Others
32
32
2
6
6
Beech
Black oak
Red maple
White oak
Hickory
Dogwood
Others
26
1
13
13
30
30
10
2
18
14
14
21
1
9
(a)
Thin gravel
over deep saprolite
Species
Tulip tree
Black locust
Sweet gum
Others
Thin alluvium
Species
Hornbeam
Red maple
Beech
Others
Deep saprolite
Species
Hickory
Dogwood
Hornbeam
Black oak
Others
%
%
%
32
2
21
22
27
2
16
1
18
50
2
11
17
(b)
(c)
FIGURE 7.118
Differences in percentages of various plant species, evidently reflecting differences in ground conditions in
the Piedmont province, along Kennedy Expressway in Maryland. Geology and plant distribution as revealed
by construction in 1962. (From Hunt, C. B.,
Geology of Soils
, W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1972.
W. H. Freeman and Company. Reprinted with permission.)
References
Agarwal, S. L., Malhotra, A. K., and Banerjee, R., Engineering Properties of Calcareous Soils
Affecting the Design of Deep Penetration Piles for Offshore Structures, Offshore Technology
Conference, Houston, TX, paper OTC 2792, 1977, pp. 503-512.
Bjerrum, L., Geotechnical properties of Norwegian marine clays,
Geotechnique
, 4, 49, 1954.
Bjerrum, L., Loken, T., Heiberg, S., and Foster, H., A Field Study of Factors Responsible for quick
Clay Slides,
Proceeding of the 7th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Engineering
, Mexico City, Vol. 2, 1969, pp. 531-540.
Black, R. F., Permafrost — a review,
Geol. Soc. Am., Bull
., 65, 839-856, 1954.
Casagrande, A., An Unsolved Problem of Embankment Stability on Soft Ground,
Proceedings of the
1st Panamerican Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
, Mexico City, Vol. II,
1959, pp. 721-746.
