Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 4.1
Field Instrumentation: Methods and Devices
Surface Movements
Subsurface Deformation
Loads and Stresses
Condition to
be Monitored
Settlements
Steel and masonry
XXXXXXX
X
X
X
structures
Fill embankments
X
X
X
X
X
X
Dam embankments
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ground subsidence
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Stability
Soil slopes
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Rock slopes
X
X
X
X
X
XXXX
X
X
X
Embankment and
X
X
X
X
X
X
dam foundation
Retaining structures
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Underground
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
openings in rock
Tunnel linings
X
X
X
X
X
X
Deformations
Subsurface
Soils, vertical
X
X
X
X
X
X
Soils, lateral
X
X
X
X
Rock
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Faults
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Piles during load test
X
X
XXXXX
Structural elements
XX
XX
Pressures
Pore water
X
Embankments
X
