Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2-2.
Power Output Density and Gross Annual Energy Output of the Mod-5B HAWT
Wind
speed
bin
Rotor
speed
Tip-
speed
ratio
Rotor
power
coef.
Rotor
power
density
Losses (W/m
2
)
Power
output
density
Time
in
bin
Gearbox
& main
bearings
Generator
& power
electronics
Auxiliary
electrical
(c)
C
P, r
(a)
U
(m/s)
W
(rad/s)
l
p
r
(b)
(W/m
2
)
p
O
(W/m
2
)
D
t
(h/y)
< 4.8
0.00
0.00
0.000
0
0
0
10
-10
1,088
5.0
1.35
13.19
0.192
14
3
8
5
-2
309
5.5
1.35
11.99
0.273
27
3
8
6
10
348
6.0
1.35
10.99
0.332
43
3
9
6
25
382
6.5
1.35
10.15
0.376
62
3
10
6
43
413
7.0
1.35
9.42
0.407
84
3
10
7
63
437
7.5
1.35
8.79
0.429
108
4
11
8
86
455
8.0
1.35
8.24
0.450
137
4
12
8
114
465
8.5
1.43
8.20
0.455
167
4
13
9
141
469
9.0
1.50
8.15
0.455
199
5
14
10
170
464
9.5
1.58
8.12
0.455
233
5
16
10
202
453
10.0
1.66
8.08
0.455
272
6
17
11
238
435
10.5
1.73
8.05
0.455
315
6
18
12
279
411
11.0
1.81
8.02
0.455
363
7
20
13
323
382
11.5
1.81
7.67
0.455
415
7
22
15
371
350
12.0
1.81
7.35
0.432
446
8
23
15
401
316
12.5
1.81
7.06
0.383
448
8
23
15
402
281
13.0
1.81
6.54
0.341
448
8
23
15
402
245
13.5
1.81
6.30
0.305
449
8
23
15
403
211
14.0
1.81
6.09
0.274
450
8
23
15
404
178
14.5
1.81
5.88
0.247
451
8
23
15
404
148
15.0
1.81
5.69
0.223
452
8
23
15
405
121
15.5
1.81
5.52
0.203
452
8
23
16
406
98
16.0
1.81
5.52
0.185
453
8
23
16
407
77
16.5
1.81
5.35
0.169
454
8
23
16
407
60
17.0
1.81
5.19
0.155
455
8
23
16
408
46
17.5
1.81
5.04
0.142
455
8
23
16
409
34
18.0
1.81
4.90
0.131
456
8
23
16
410
25
18.5
1.81
4.77
0.121
457
8
23
16
411
18
19.0
1.81
4.65
0.111
458
8
23
16
412
13
19.5
1.81
4.53
0.103
459
8
23
16
412
9
20.0
1.81
4.41
0.096
459
8
23
16
412
6
20.5
1.81
4.31
0.089
459
8
23
16
411
4
21.0
1.81
4.20
0.083
458
8
23
16
411
3
21.5
1.81
4.10
0.077
457
8
23
16
410
2
22.0
1.81
4.01
0.071
456
8
23
16
409
1
22.5
1.81
3.92
0.067
455
8
23
16
408
0
26.5
1.81
3.33
0.040
448
8
23
16
402
0
Gross Annual Energy Output:
AEO
G
=
A
x S (
p
O
D
t
) = 12,040 MWh/y Total: 8,760
(a) Includes effects of wind shear and yaw heading error
(b) Air density = 1.225 kg/m
3
(c) Includes transformer losses and power input for standby and starting operations
Search WWH ::
Custom Search