Environmental Engineering Reference
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ence of the swept area. Figure 2-25 shows the variable wind speeds around the two swept
areas, as experienced by the blade tips. Based on this R-S turbulence model and the relative
wind shears assumed for the two sites, a large-scale HAWT located offshore would experi-
ence cyclic wind loads that are only 44 percent to 59 percent as large as those acting on the
onshore machine. In addition, the annual average wind speed at hub height would be about
8 percent higher offshore compared to onshore. This type of information can be very useful
during the preliminary design phase of a wind power station.
Figure 2-25. Sample comparison of onshore and offshore variable wind speeds acting
on the rotating blade tips of representative Mod-2 HAWTs, as calculated using the har-
monic amplitudes in Table 2-8.
Rotor diameter is 45.7 m and hub height is 61.0 m. The
one-per-rev sinusoidal lines represent wind shear without additional turbulence.
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