Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
8
Processing and Analysis of Data
Though the order of the steps are not unique and
may change according to the need and objective
of a study,
8.1
Processing of Information
the following steps are generally
The information/data collected/collated either
from primary or secondary sources at the initial
stage is known as
scrutiny/editing of data
arrange-
followed: (1)
,(2)
ment of data
,(3)
coding of data
,(4)
classification
. Raw data is nothing
but the observation recorded from individual
units. Raw data, particularly the primary data,
can hardly speak anything unless and otherwise
arranged in order or processed. Data are
required to be processed and analyzed as per
the requirement of a research problem outlined.
Working with data starts with the scrutiny of
data; sometimes it is also known as
raw data
of data
presentation of data
.Thefirst
three steps, that is, scrutiny, arrangement, and cod-
ing of data may interchange the order depending
upon the situation. If the number of observations is
few, one can go for scrutiny at the first stage;
otherwise, it is better to arrange the data in ascend-
ing or descending order. We shall demonstrate the
whole procedure by taking the following example.
, and (5)
editing
of
data. There are several steps to follow before a
set of data is put under analysis befitting with
the objectives of a particular research program.
Example 8.1.
The following table gives data on
the yield (q/ha) of paddy of 130 varieties.
15.50
25.50
26.50
24.50
28.50
29.50
26.50
53.50
46.50
43.50
77.50
63.50
51.50
24.80
12.80
21.80
23.80
25.80
27.80
58.80
80.80
24.80
33.80
77.80
74.80
70.80
18.00
19.00
22.00
21.00
23.00
26.00
40.00
68.00
20.00
30.00
83.00
55.00
80.00
20.00
21.00
22.00
27.00
28.00
26.00
41.00
37.00
61.00
68.00
78.00
39.00
51.00
19.00
28.00
27.00
26.00
29.00
30.00
68.00
48.00
33.00
38.00
23.00
66.00
37.00
23.50
32.50
15.50
17.50
18.50
19.50
87.50
29.50
18.50
65.50
45.50
64.50
44.50
17.50
16.50
19.50
22.50
23.50
21.50
57.50
66.50
52.50
60.50
51.50
56.50
80.50
19.00
21.00
23.00
25.00
27.00
24.00
36.00
74.00
32.00
23.00
80.00
16.00
45.00
20.00
20.00
21.00
22.00
23.00
24.00
59.00
39.00
71.00
20.00
46.00
30.00
19.00
20.00
24.00
25.00
26.00
27.00
28.00
41.00
30.00
49.00
70.00
85.00
27.00
24.00
