Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
2
Research Process
Research is a systematic process of knowing the
unknown. A research process is a stepwise delin-
eation of different activities to accomplish the
objective of a researcher in a logical framework.
It consists of a series of actions and/or steps for
effective conduction of research. The main steps
of a research process are given below. It may
clearly be understood that the steps noted below
are neither exhaustive nor mutually exclusive.
These steps are not necessarily to be followed
in the order these have been noted below.
Depending upon the nature and objective of the
process, more steps may come into the picture or
some of the steps may not appear at all.
12. Interpretation of results
13. Verification of results
14. Conclusion
15. Future scope of the research
16. Bibliography
17. Appendix
2.1.1 Identification and
Conceptualization of Problem
The inherent inquisitiveness of a researcher leads
to an abstract idea about the type of research
or area of research he/she is intending for.
A newcomer in the field of research, like a PhD
student or a Master's student doing a dissertation
work under a supervisor/guide, may get ideas from
the guide or the supervisor. The best way to under-
stand the problem is to discuss with colleagues
or experts in the relevant field. In private, govern-
ment, and research organizations having defi-
nite research objectives, the research advisory
committees and scientific advisory committees
may also guide a researcher to the type of research
work to be undertaken. A researcher may review
conceptual and empirical type of literature to have
a better understanding about the problem to
be undertaken. There are mainly two types of
researches that were carried out:
2.1
Steps in Research
1. Identification
and
conceptualization
of
problem
2. Purpose of study
3. Survey of literature
4. Selection of the problem
5. Objectives of the study
6. Variables/parameters to be included in the
study to fulfill the objectives
7. Selection of hypothesis
8. Selection of samples
9. Operationalization of concepts and optimi-
zation/standardization
study of nature
and relational studies . The first one is concerned
with the development of theories, laws, principles,
etc., whereas the second one is related to working
out the relationships among the variables under
study.
of
the
research
instruments
10. Collection of information
11. Processing,
tabulation,
and analysis of
information
In the process of
identification and
 
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