Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.1.1
Sequestration of CO
2
versus H
2
O
USA point source
CO
2
emissions
USA H
2
O injection
Mass
2.4 Gt CO
2
/year
3 Gt H
2
O/year
3.4 Gm
3
CO
2
/year
3.0 Gm
3
H
2
O/year
Volume
Volume ratio
relative to CO
2
1.0
0.9
displaces existing
fl uid, buoyant relative
to existing fl uid
replacement of
produced oil and
water
Signifi cance
Comparison of the CO
2
that can be captured from point sources
(left col-
umn)
with the amount of water that is injected in geological formations in
the context of oil and gas production
(right column)
.
focused on the question of how we can ensure that the CO
2
will remain
sequestered indefi nitely within the intended geological formation.
In this chapter, we give an overview of the most important issues asso-
ciated with geological sequestration: how we can carry out geological car-
bon sequestration effi ciently, how we can mitigate related impacts, and how
we can ensure that the injected CO
2
will remain permanently sequestered,
irrespective of whether the CO
2
molecules like it or not (see
Movie 8.1.1
).
Movie 8.1.1
Carbon in Underland
Movie produced by Sergi Molins and Jennifer Cappuccio for the Center for Nanoscale
Control of Geologic CO
2
(NCGC) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). It
can be viewed at:
http://www.worldscientifi c.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/p911#t=suppl
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