Introduction - Cryopedology - page 2

Table 1.1 Some highlights in the histo ry of cryopedology

Year Scientist, country Event

1864 Middendorf, Germany Investigated permafrost in Siberia

1900 Dokuchaev, Russia Identifi ed arctic soil zone in Russia

1911 Ramann, Germany Compared soils of Spitzbergen and central Asian

plateau

1912 Meinardus, Blanck,

Germany

Studied soils on Spitzbergen

1916 Jensen First study of soils in Antarctica

1921 Glinka, Russia Soils expedition to Siberia

1927 Sumgin, Russia Permafrost effects on soil processes

1934 Livorskiy, Russia Book: Tundra soils of the Northern Region

1943 Leahey, Canada First studies of soils in northern Canada

1951 Kellogg, Nygard, USA Exploratory study of soils in arctic Alaska

1956 Markov, Russia Studied soils at Mirnyy, East Antarctica

1960 McCraw, New Zealand First soil map in Antarctica, Taylor Valley

1962 Ivanova, Russia Books: On Soils of Siberia

1966 Tedrow, USA Book: Antarctic Soils and Soil Forming Processes

1977 Tedrow, USA Book: Soils of the Polar Landscapes

1978 Tarnocai, Canada Establishment of Cryosol order Canadian soil taxonomy

1983 Rieger 1983 Book: The Genesis and Classifi cation of Cold Soils

1987 Campbell, Claridge, NZ Book: Antarctica: Soils, Weathering Processes &

Environment

1992 Gilichinsky, Russia First International Conference on Cryopedology

1993 Tarnocai, Canada;

Ping, USA

Field trip permafrost-affected soils of AK, Yukon, TWT

1999 Bockheim, USA Gelisol order accepted in Soil Taxonomy

2004 Kimble, USA Book: Cryosols: Permafrost-Affected Soils

2011 Jones et al. Book: Soil Atlas of Northern Circumpolar Region

2014 Bockheim, USA Book: Soils of Antarctica

soils in the North American arctic in the early 1950s. Tedrow's work culminated in
the publication of Soils of the Polar Landscapes in 1977. In 1978 the cryosol order
was introduced into the Canadian soil classifi cation system, spurred by the efforts
of Charles Tarnocai. Samuel Rieger mapped soils in the permafrost region of Alaska
with the Natural Resource Conservation Service (then the Soil Conservation
Service) and published The Genesis and Classifi cation of Cold Soils in 1983.
Although this topic focused on Alaska, it addressed temperature relations in cold
soils, the effects of freezing, and the use of Soil Taxonomy in classifying soils of the
cold regions.
In 1987 Iain Campbell and Graeme Claridge published Antarctica: Soils,
Weathering Processes and Environment , which has been the most comprehensive
treatment of Antarctic soils for over 25 years (Table 1.1 ). The Gelisol order was
accepted into Soil Taxonomy in 1999 under the leadership of James Bockheim.
In 2004 John Kimble edited Cryosols : Permafrost-affected Soils , which contained