Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 6 Work scheme of SSF for the production of antioxidant phenolics
the time of incubation. After completion of fermentation, the SSF was stopped and
the fermented solid support was mechanically removed by squeezing all the liquid
contents. Fermented liquid contains the phenolic antioxidants released as result of
enzymatic hydrolysis of natural polymers available in the plant material. Fungal
strains were characterized by based content of specified enzymes.
The mechanical pressure did not found to be a good alternative; fermented solid
support was re-suspended with the water and shacked in an immersion blender for
two cycles of 30 s, the material was transferred at conic tubes and immersed in
a vibrating sonic bath for 30 min. The material was centrifuged at 6,000 rpm by
30 min, decanted and the liquid fraction was recovered [87].
The biomass content was indirectly evaluated by spectrophotometry using the
glucosamine content determination [88]. Substrate consumption (total polyphenols
content) was evaluated as described by Makkar [89]. Each phenolic fraction recov-
ered and quantified using HPLC method previously reported [90]. NDGA was also
quantified by HPLC employing the method developed by Mercado Martinez and
co-workers [91]. Gallic acid can be evaluated using HPLC [92] or employing a
spectrophotometric method [93]. The separation of end product was carried out in
Prodigy ODS column (5
4.6 mm, Phenomenex), maintaining temper-
ature at 25 C. Different gradient profiles of mobile phases are used, acetonitrile,
acetic acid, methanol and water are the solvents employed.
μ
m; 250
×
4 Current Outcome of Technological Implementation
Aspergillus niger PSH and GH1 are fungi of the DIA-UAdeC collection with a
high capacity to release a great amount of antioxidant phenolics (NDGA, gallic acid
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