Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
In addition, some quantitative methods using PCR (termed quantitative PCR or
Real-time PCR) have also been developed to detect and determine quantity specific
microorganisms rapidly. Therefore, if you want to detect contamination, monitor or
quantitative of some specific species, Real-Time PCR method is better than Clone
analysis or DGGE analysis. Pedro et al. showed that the population changing of
some bacteria by using Real-Time PCR [32]. One of the practical applications of the
Real-Time PCR is to detect the harmful plankton which cause of red tide or shell-
fish toxin organism [33]. Moreover, these molecular biological methods can analyze
not only prokaryote but also eukaryote by changing the PCR primer. Conventional
methods for monitoring some process conditions like composting are texture or
odor, which require experience. By using the molecular biological methods it is
possible to analyze objectively and reproducibly and to prevent trouble in the reac-
tor by optimizing operating conditions. As mentioned above, one can choose these
methods in accordance with the intended use for general and applied microbiology.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by “University-Industry Joint Research” Project
for Private Universities and a matching fund subsidy from MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology) of JAPAN, 2004-2008.
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