Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
11
Biosurfactant
Complexation of Metals
and Applications
for Remediation
David E. Hogan, Tracey A. Veres-Schalnat,
Jeanne E. Pemberton, and Raina M. Maier
CONTENTS
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 278
Metals and Metal Contamination ........................................................................... 278
Sources of Metals .............................................................................................. 280
Atmospheric Environments .......................................................................... 280
Aquatic Environments .................................................................................. 280
Soil Environments ........................................................................................ 281
Summary ...................................................................................................... 281
Biosurfactant Complexation of Metals .................................................................. 281
Rhamnolipids .................................................................................................... 282
Metal Interactions with Rhamnolipid ........................................................... 282
Effects of Metals on Rhamnolipid Production ............................................. 285
Lipopeptides ...................................................................................................... 286
Metal Complexation by Lipopeptides .......................................................... 286
Effects of Metals on Lipopeptides ................................................................ 287
Other Biosurfactants .......................................................................................... 288
Siderolipids ................................................................................................... 288
Glycoglycerolipids ....................................................................................... 289
Saponins ....................................................................................................... 289
Sophorolipids ............................................................................................... 289
Spiculisporic Acids ....................................................................................... 290
Remediation Applications ...................................................................................... 292
Solid Media ....................................................................................................... 292
Soil Washing ................................................................................................. 292
Soil Washing Efficacy of Biosurfactants on Artificial Contamination ......... 293
Soil Washing Efficacy of Biosurfactants on Aged Contamination ............... 294
Sediments ..................................................................................................... 295
277
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