Modern Optical Networks - Optical Signal Processing by Silicon Photonics - page 18

Chapter 3
Modern Optical Networks

Abstract In this chapter, the standards of optical communication and network
theory are highlighted with their applications and significance in the respective
areas. It also examines the characteristics of optical communication systems by
discussing different communication media. The devices being used and considered
for future consideration are also discussed and summarized for optical networks.

Keywords Optical networks • All-optical networks • Regeneration of optical
signals

Abbreviations

LAN Local area network
WAN Wide area network
MAN Metropolitan area network
WDM Wavelength division multiplexing
HNL

Highly nonlinear

SLD Semiconductor laser diode

SHG Second harmonic generation

OEO Optical signal is converted to electrical signal

MMF Multimode fibers

The first generation optical networks were essentially point-to-point links where
the fiber-optic link was used only as a replacement for the copper cables [ 1 ]. The
optical signal propagating through the optical fiber was detected electronically,
regenerated using a semiconductor transponder, and transmitted optically over
fiber to the next opto-electronic repeater. The routing and switching functions
were done electronically at the network nodes. In addition, each node had to han-
dle not only the traffic destined for it but also all other traffic that was being routed
through that node.