Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Global
National
Regional
Local
Ecological
Life Cycle Analysis e.g. GHG Emissions
Social
Economic
Institutional/
Government
FIGURE 22.5
Possible Trends in the Environmental Impacts Assessment Practice
GHG: Greenhouse Gases
(1) Addressing the entire life-cycle of the mine and its products (e.g. in regard of greenhouse gas emission);
(2) Increasing its geographical boundaries to encompass regional, if not global effects and interrelationship, and
(3) Focusing on a match of planning and implementing.
have regional or even global consequences; global environmental protection and resources
development have now become inseparable.
As a consequence some commentators have observed that the environmental impact
assessment should (1) be expanded to address the entire life-cycle of the mine and its
products, and (2) increase its geographical boundaries to encompass regional, if not global
effects and interrelationships (
Figure 22.5
). Both suggestions have their merits; both have
their challenges.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a technique for assessing the environmental impacts
associated with a product over its life-cycle. Especially in the case of coal, the contempo-
rary growing concern for climate change has prompted legislators and environmentalists
CASE 22.5
The Tangguh LNG Development in Papua
'The Tangguh LNG Project will not only meet best inter-
national practice, but it will set the benchmark against
which future resources development projects will be
measured', claims BP in its foreword to the environmental
impact assessment study for the project. In its project
development, BP went beyond the classic EIA concept by
helping the Government of Indonesia to develop a regional
development plan for the Bird's Head region of Papua,
known as the 'Diversifi ed Growth Strategy'. The project is
scheduled to start in 2008, and it is too early to evaluate
the success of the strategy. However, once the outcomes
become clear, the Tangguh project will provide useful les-
sons for future large grass roots resource developments.
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