Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Ethanol recovered
from scrubber
Recycle
Dehydrated
ethanol
Molecular
sieve
Distillation
Hydrated
ethanol
Clariied
wine
Vinasse (bottom)
Fusel oil (side stream)
FIGURE 13.6
Purification.Aseries of distillations yields 96 vol.% ethanol, and molecular
sieve adsorbs the remaining4vol.% water.
Exhaust gas
Hot
lue gas
Bagasse
from mills
Ash
Bagasse
drying
Cogeneration
Dry
bagasse
Air
Bagacilho for ilter aid
FIGURE 13.7
Cogeneration of electricity.Before incineration, the wet bagasse is dried using
the hot flue gas.Note that the diagram just gives the mass flows but that electricity is the most
important product of the cogeneration.
TABLE 13.2 Glossary for the bioethanol process
Ash Minerals (salts) remaining after combustion
Bagacilho Dried bagasse
Bagasse Remainder of sugarcane plant after pressingjuice, mainly polysaccharide
from cell walls
Filter aid Inorganic powder (e.g., silica) which, on a filter,prevents clogging
Fusel oil Mixture of C
3
to C
5
alcohols and other volatile side products of
fermentation
Imbibition Replacement of interstitial liquid by water
Lime Calcium oxide (CaO) or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)
2
)
Molecular sieve Material with nanopores in which water fits (e.g., aluminosilicate crystals)
Mud
Aqueous mass containing ~20 wt% undissolved polymer
Sucrose
Plain sugar, a disaccharide of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose
Vinasse
Water fraction (impure) from ethanol distillation
Wine
Aqueous ethanol solution, centrifuged after fermentation
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