Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
that torrefied biomass be produced in adequately large quantities, which has only
recently been accomplished with several larger demonstration plants starting to con-
tinuously and consistently produce good quality torrefied biomass. With several com-
mercial plants coming online in the coming few years, the future of torrefaction seems
as exciting as it is promising!
CHAPTER SUMMARY AND STUDY GUIDE
This chapter describes torrefaction as an emerging biomass pretreatment technology.
Following the explanation of the necessity of thermal pretreatments, the chemical
background of torrefaction is briefly discussed along with basic heat and mass bal-
ances involved therein. This is followed by a discussion of the properties of torrefied
biomass as a fuel. The various reactors that can be used for carrying out torrefaction
are then discussed along with their important features. The chapter concludes with an
exposition of torrefaction as an enabling technology for the use of biomass fuels along
with a future view to its development and implementation.
KEY CONCEPTS
History and necessity of thermal pretreatment
Fundamentals of torrefaction
Properties of torrefied fuels
Torrefaction reactors
Torrefaction: An enabling technology
SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS
12.1 What are the main constituents of woody biomass?
12.2
At what temperatures does each of these constituents decompose?
12.3
Name the (potential) heat sources and sinks in a typical torrefaction process.
12.4 Which step in the torrefaction process is the most energy consuming?
12.5
Name the main constituents of torrefaction gas.
12.6
Does the composition of torrefaction gas change with the extent of reaction? If
so, in what way?
12.7
Name five potential uses of torrefied biomass.
12.8 Which properties of biomass are improved by torrefaction?
 
Search WWH ::




Custom Search