Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
m
−3
)
1−n
s
−1
]
k
reaction rate coefficient for reaction of order n
[(mol
m
−3
]
1−n
s
−1
k
0
pre-exponential factor in Arrhenius equation for reaction
of order n
[mol
L
length
[m]
m
mass
[kg]
n
number of moles
[mol]
p
pressure
[Pa or bar]
Q
s
−1
]
heat flow supplied or extracted
[J
mol
−1
K
−1
]
R
u
universal gas constant (=8.314)
[J
s
−1
m
−3
]
r
reaction rate
[mol
s
−1
m
−3
]
R
i
(net) rate of production of species
i
[mol
[m
2
]
S
cross section of the reactor
t
time
[s]
[
CorK]
T
temperature
s
−1
]
u
velocity
[m
[L or m
3
]
V
volume
X
conversion
[
-
]
ε
expansion factor, fractional volume change on complete
conversion
[
-
]
[m
3
s
−1
]
φ
V
volume flow
s
−1
]
φ
n
mole flow
[mol
s
−1
]
ξ
extent of the reaction
[mol or mol
τ
space time (residence time); see Equation (6.20)
[s]
ν
i
stoichiometric coefficient of species
i
[
-
]
Subscripts
A key species A
0
initial
i
generic species
f
fluid
f
final
6.1 PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS
In Chapter 5, it was shown how the rate law can be expressed as a function of the
concentrations of the different species. In this chapter, it will be shown how to use
that information to design ideal chemical reactors: reactors with a simplified flow
pattern. Design in this context refers to
functional design
, i.e., the selection of
the type of reactor and the estimation of its dimensions to satisfy the established
mass and energy balances. The
mechanical design
of the reactor, which includes
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