Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Photovoltaic Systems
48°08
′
08
″
N
11°41
′
55
″
O
2.7-MW roof PV system with 21 900 PV modules on the new
Munich exhibition centre
. Built in 1997, expanded in 2002 and
2004.
39°49
′
55
″
N
4°17
′
55
″
W
1-MW open space PV system with 7936 PV modules in Toledo,
Spain. Built in 1994.
52°31
′
29
″
N
13°22
′
05
″
O
Roof-integrated PV system on the
main train station in Berlin
.
780 photovoltaic modules supply an output of 189 kWp.
Solar Thermal Power Plants
37°05
′
42
″
N
2°21
′
40
″
W
Plataforma Solar de Almería
European test centre in Spain
with solar tower and parabolic trough test fi elds.
42°29
′
41
″
N
Solar melting furnace in
Odeillo
(France), completed in 1970.
With 20 000-fold concentration, 63 heliostats with a total area of
2835 square metres reach temperatures of almost 4000 °C.
2°01
′
45
″
O
34°51
′
43
″
N
Solar thermal power plant at
Daggett
(California, USA). SEGS I
with 13.8 MW from 1985 and SEGS II with 30 MW from 1986
plus 10-MW Solar Two solar tower-test power plant from 1998.
116°49
′
41
″
W
35°00
′
58
″
N
Solar thermal power plant at
Kramer Junction
(California, USA).
SEGS III to SEGS VII each with 30 MW from 1987 to 1989.
117°33
′
40
″
W
35°01
′
56
″
N
117°20
′
50
″
W
Solar thermal trough power plant at
Harper Lake
(California,
USA). SEGS VIII and SEGS IX each with 80 MW from 1990 to
1991.
35°48
′
00
″
N
114°58
′
35
″
W
Solar thermal trough power plant
Nevada Solar One
(Nevada,
USA) with output of 64 MW, commissioned in 2007.
Wind Farms
55°41
′
32
″
N
12°40
′
14
″
O
Middelgrunden
offshore wind farm (Denmark) with 20 wind
turbines each with 2 MW. Built in 2001.
32°13
′
48
″
N
100°02
′
50
″
W
Horse Hollow
Wind Energy Centre near Abilene, Texas (USA).
421 wind turbines supply 735 MW. Built in 2006.
Hydropower Plants
25°24
′
27
″
S
54°35
′
19
″
W
Itaipú
hydropower plant (Brazil/Paraguay). 20 turbines supply a
total output of 14 GW. The dam wall is 7760 m long and 196 m
high.
