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Figure 6-10. Hooded pitcher plant ( Sarracenia minor ),
Okefenokee Swamp, Georgia, United States. The white
dots on the hood are presumably designed to attract
insects into the hood, where they fall down into the
long funnel that is lined with downward pointing hairs
and become trapped in narcotic liquid at the bottom.
Photo courtesy of M. Martin.
Figure 6-9. Block of United States postage stamps
depicting carnivorous wetland plants. These plants trap
insects, spiders, and other small animals in various
ways to supplement their intake of nutrients. Original
stamps printed in full color; issued in 2001.
plants represent only a rough guide to typical
wetland plant habitats.
6.2.1 Shoreline plants
Shoreline plants grow in wet soil on raised hum-
mocks or along the shores of streams, ponds,
bogs, marshes, and lakes. These plants usually
grow at or above the level of standing water,
although some may be rooted in shallow water.
Because these plants often grow on land, not
all people immediately recognize them as hydro-
phytes. This riparian zone is marginal to upland
plants and is subject to l uctuating water levels
either intermittently or seasonally. During dry
Figure 6-11. Close-up, vertical view of Azolla cristata
on marsh margin (see Color Plate 6-11). Green-colored
algae is below water level; maroon-colored Azolla is
above water. Azolla spreads rapidly by vegetative
reproduction and may form extensive mats (CAIP
2008). Field of view
25 cm across; taken from Aber
et al. (2010, Fig. 3).
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