Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2. Comparisons of
γ
sl0
(
T
m
) between our model predictions
γ
sl0
by Eq. (2.13) and
available experimental results
γ
exp
[12-13,47-52] for ice and organic crystals where
γ
lv0
values are also listed as reference [36,53-55] and the other parameters come from Refs.
[36,53-56]
V
(cm
3
/g-
atom)
H
m
(J/g-
atom)
S
vib
(J/g-
atom K)
γ
sl0
γ
exp
γ
lv0
h
(nm)
m
n
(mJ/m
2
)
Ice
56
44±10
45±15
3
1
0.310
6.55
2006
7.34
Benzene
15.4
15.7
22±2
28.9
12
1
0.503
6.40
829
2.95
Naphthalene
18.6
8.2
61±11
28.8
18
2
0.452
6.18
1062
2.98
Ethylene dibromide
16.4
19.5
35±7
38.4
8
2
0.509
19.8
1368
5.81
11.6
32.2
5.48
515
2.24
Cis-decalin
8.5
28
2
0.503
18.4
29.9
5.67
516
2.59
Trans-decalin
9.6
28
2
0.509
Chlorobenzene
15.7
14.1
33.6
12
1
0.534
7.66
802
3.50
Cyclohexane
3.1
4.6
25.5
18
1
0.547
5.46
150
2.55
20.1
Heptane
10
17.1
23
7
0.302
5.04
616
3.34
28.9
Stearic acid
14.3
106-151
151±10
135-180
56
18
0.294
7.83
1010
2.95
81
116±10
Myristic acid
16.0
28.6
44
14
0.292
10.8
1031
3.15
28.5
Lauric acid
13.9
38
12
0.299
4.90
964
3.05
71±15
100±15
Pivalic acid
2.4
2.8
2.7±0.2
17
1
0.572
6.60
146
2.33
10~20
790
5.89
Carbontetrabromide
10.6
5
1
0.540
19.0
47
Succinonitrile
7.3
10
2
0.402
6.20
370
3.78
28±4
8.9
7.9±0.8
Diphenyl
14.4
24
50±10
34.5
22
2
0.505
7.06
905
2.78
On the basis of the above consideration, it is known that γ
sl0
values of organic molecules
must be smaller than those of the other types of crystals. Thus, literature values [50-52] in a
size of γ
sl0
> 20 mJ/m
2
may be questionable [25]. On the contrary, the predictions of Eq.
(2.13) are in agreement with the principles of γ
sl0
< γ
lv0
and the upper size limit of γ
sl0
values.
Thus, the disagreement between the predictions and the experimental results for the chain
molecules [50-52] may hardly argue the incorrectness of Eq. (2.13). We believe that our
predictions are at least qualitatively correct.
In table 2, although γ
sl0
< 20 mJ/m
2
as analyzed for organic crystals in the above
discussion, γ
sl0
values of different organic crystals change from 0.62 mJ/m
2
for cyclohexane
to 19.7 mJ/m
2
for ethylene dibromide, their sizes differ from about 30 times. This difference
can be found in Eq. (2.13). The variants of γ
sl0
in Eq. (2.13) are
h
,
S
m
/
R
, and
H
m
/
V
. Since
h
for
different substances varies a little, the essential contributions to differences in γ
sl0
are
H
m
/
V
,
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