Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 16. Spine: Relationships between Nota-
tional, Performance and Audio layer
In this framework it is evident that the intro-
duction in this layer of MIR-oriented metadata,
for example attributes of objects as
Theme
for
music indexes, are extremely useful.
Below we list the part of DTD related to the
structural layer which implements the concept
of melodic theme.
Invariant representation
In the code you may have noticed the introduction
of melodic invariant quantities, such as
order
,
size,
and
complexity
, which are attributes of
the object
Theme
: the same could be done for
similar invariants related to the graphs derived
from audio.
The inclusion-monotone graph invariants
play an important role in the retrieval process
and are necessary in order to avoid unproductive
comparisons.
branch of the source element. The conceptual
hierarchy is represented in Figure 15.We are not
interested here in describing all MX layers, for a
complete treatment of the subject, see for example
Longari (2005).
We will limit our description to the
structural
layer.
<!--StructuralLayer-->
<!ELEMENTstructural(analysis*,PN*)>
<!--Melodicthemes-->
<!ELEMENTanalysis(theme*,segment*,
<!ELEMENTmx(general,structural?,
logic,notational?,
performance?,audio?)
>
transformation*,
relationship*)
>
<!ATTLISTtheme
The
structural level
of information was devel-
oped in order to contain the explicit description
of musical objects and their causal relationships,
both from musicological and compositional points
of view. That is to say, musical objects can be de-
scribed as transformations of previously described
musical objects.
Those objects are usually the results of segmen-
tation processes made by different musicologists
together with their own different musical points
of view, or also by an automatic score segmenter
like
Scoresegmenter
(Haus & Sametti, 1991; Haus
& Pollastri, 2000).
At the moment there is not a definitive standard
for this layer and efforts are especially directed
towards the definition of a common acceptable
standard.
idID#REQUIRED
ordinalCDATA#IMPLIED
descCDATA#IMPLIED
>
<!--
Descattributeprovidesatextualdescrip-
tionofthetheme.
Ordinal attribute describes the possible
numericcharacterizationofthetheme.
Itshouldbeencodedinromannumbers:I,
II,III,IV,V,etc(e.g.IandIIthemes
inaSonata.)
-->
<!ELEMENTtheme(occurrence+)>
<!ELEMENToccurrence(thm _ desc?,
thm _ spine _ ref+,
transposition|inversion
|retrogradation)*)
>
<!ATTLISToccurrence
idID#REQUIRED
>
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