Architectural Drawings - Carpenter's and Builder's Math, Plans, and Specifications - page 269

7' 7'-4"

6" C I SHOE CONNECTS
WITH 4" COPPER
LEADER AT TOP
OF WATERTABLE

6'-8"
UNEXCAVATED

5'-8"

4'-6"

2'-10"

BOILER
ROOM

11'-4"

6'-6"

ASH DUMP

22'

UNASSIGNED ROOM
20'-4" × 11'-9"

8" STEP UP

LAUNDRY

9'

3'-4"

WASHER

4'

STEEL SASH

4'-4" 3'-4" 3 7'-8"

UNEXCAVATED

3'-0" 3'-4" 4'-4"

32'-4”

Figure 9-18 A typical basement plan with dimensions.

Symbols are used in drawings to represent various parts and sys-
tems. You must also become familiar with these. Each trade has its
own symbols, and the workers of each trade should learn to recog-
nize the symbols of all the other trades. For example, the electrician
should understand the plumber's symbols. The plumber should un-
derstand the carpenter's symbols, and so forth. In this way, each
craftsperson will know what obstacles may be encountered in the
work, and will be better prepared to cope with them.
In this section, the symbols shown are standards for the con-
struction industry. However, you will find that some designers or
individual institutions will deviate from these standards. Where this
is done, a legend showing what the symbols mean should be added
to the drawings.
A drawing consists of many different kinds of lines, each hav-
ing its own purpose. Certain characteristic lines are used to convey
different ideas, and the drafting practice has been rather well stan-
dardized as to the use of lines to avoid confusion in reading draw-
ings. A good working drawing is as simple as possible, using only